Skip to main content

CASE REPORT article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1535272
This article is part of the Research Topic Insights in Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology: 2024 View all 4 articles

Case Report: The potential association with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome in a dog following long-term oclacitinib therapy

Provisionally accepted
Kwangup Lee Kwangup Lee 1Junwon Yoon Junwon Yoon 1Taejung Dan Taejung Dan 1Sangmin Lim Sangmin Lim 2Heejung Jeon Heejung Jeon 3Miae Kang Miae Kang 3Chansik Nam Chansik Nam 1heemyung Park heemyung Park 1*
  • 1 Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 2 IBYU animal hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
  • 3 VET & GENE, Seongnam, Republic of Korea

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    A 12-year-old spayed female Maltese dog had been receiving oclacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, for 7 years to manage chronic pruritus due to atopic dermatitis. During this treatment, the dog was diagnosed with primary hypoadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism based on history, physical examination, and hormonal analysis. This case was initially suspected to be polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PAS) based on long-term treatment of oclacitinib. To confirm the diagnosis of PAS, the presence of autoantibodies was tested. 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies (21-OHAb) were detected, but negative for thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA). Considering the potential of oclacitinib to induce autoimmune diseases, we examined to identify the association of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in PAS of the dog. This case suggests a potential association between prolonged oclacitinib administration and the development of PAS in a dog. Regular hormonal monitoring and careful dose adjustments of oclacitinib during long-term therapy of atopic dermatitis are recommended to minimize the risk of autoimmune disease development. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report suggesting that PAS could be induced by oclacitinib

    Keywords: Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies, Thyroglobulin autoantibodies, IL-10, oclacitinib

    Received: 27 Nov 2024; Accepted: 07 Feb 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Lee, Yoon, Dan, Lim, Jeon, Kang, Nam and Park. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: heemyung Park, Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.