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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Medicine
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1512649
Use of alteplase continuous rate infusion, pentoxifylline and cyproheptadine in association or not, in acute feline aortic thromboembolisma study of 9 cats
Provisionally accepted- 1Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
- 2Small Animal Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
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Locomotion improvement without serious complications is the main goal of treatment for feline aortic thromboembolism (FATE). We aimed to describe survival and functional recovery of cardiogenic FATE treated with tissue plasminogen-activator (rtPA) continuous rate infusion (CRI) and/or pentoxifylline (PTX) and/or cyproheptadine (CYP), and to identify non-survivor characteristics. This is a retrospective, bicentric case series. Inclusion criteria were cardiogenic FATE cats receiving any of the medications described. Proportions of locomotion recovery, survival to discharge, reperfusion injury (RI) and acute kidney injury (AKI) were described. Admission and outcome characteristics were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Nine cats were identified, 8/9 (88.9%) with bilateral FATE. Median age was 8.2 years (5.3-12.5). Median weight was 5.3kg (4.1-7.1). Admission rectal temperature, affected limb lactate, creatinine and potassium were 36.9 o C (35.4-38.8), 14.2mmol/L (7.1-18.8), 114.9umol/L (53-185.6) and 3.7mmol/L (3.5-44.), respectively. No significant differences were found between survivors and non-survivors for relevant admission characteristics. Seven (77.8%) cats received tPA-CRI, 7/9 (77.8%) cats received pentoxifylline and 5/9 (55.6%) cats received cyproheptadine. Three (33.3%) cats received monotherapy (two rtPA-CRI, one PTX), 2/9 (22.2%) cats received dual therapy (one rtPA-CRI/PTX, one PTX/CYP) and 4/9 (44.4%) cats received triple therapy. All study cats (100%) had an improvement in locomotion, and 4/9 (44.4%) survived to discharge. Reperfusion injury and AKI were documented in 3/9 (33.3%) and 4/9 (44.4%) of cats, respectively. Non-survivors had a greater proportion of AKI compared to survivors (4/5 (80%) and 0/4 (0%), respectively). No other outcome characteristics were different between survivors and nonsurvivors.
Keywords: TPA, rtPA, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, arterial, Thrombosis, Reperfusion, Acute Kidney Injury
Received: 17 Oct 2024; Accepted: 17 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Ray, Wolf and Guillaumin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Julien Guillaumin, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
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