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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Animal Reproduction - Theriogenology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1454343

Effect of circulating anti-Mullerian hormone on the reproductive potential of gilts

Provisionally accepted
Zhenmin Zhou Zhenmin Zhou 1Wei Xia Wei Xia 1Cheng Linghua Cheng Linghua 2Xiaohuan Fang Xiaohuan Fang 1Chenyu Tao Chenyu Tao 1Yatian Qi Yatian Qi 1*Yang Yu Yang Yu 1*Di Zhang Di Zhang 1*Xiaofeng Tian Xiaofeng Tian 1Zihao Gao Zihao Gao 1*Jiahua Bai Jiahua Bai 3*Junhui Wen Junhui Wen 3*Yan Liu Yan Liu 3Junjie Li Junjie Li 1*
  • 1 Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
  • 2 Beijing Dabeinong technology group, Beijing, China
  • 3 Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Determination of the ovarian follicular reserve is of great value for predicting fertility, while circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plays an important role in maintaining the ovarian reserve. In this study, we examined the effect of circulating AMH levels of gilts between 110 and 160 days of age on reproductive performance and evaluated the differences in the ovaries and uteruses of gilts with different AMH levels. The results indicated a significant negative correlation between circulating AMH levels from days 110 to 160 and puberty (P < 0.05). Moreover, the total born, live born and the herd retention rate of across 3 successive parities was found higher in high-AMH gilts than in low-AMH ones. Uterine morphology was assessed and it was found that high-AMH gilts had significantly increased uterine glandular density, and the median vascular area and the relative expression levels of FOXA2, VEGF, VEGFR, and CD31 were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we also found that high-AMH gilts had a greater number of antral follicles and higher expression level in secondary and early antral follicles than low-AMH gilts (P < 0.05).To further explain this mechanism, RNA-seq analysis was performed, which indicated that DEGs of high-AMH gilt ovaries were enriched in pathways, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, and the gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling pathway. Our findings indicate that circulating AMH levels can possibly predict the reproductive potential of gilts, day 160 circulating AMH levels is a potential predictive indicator.

    Keywords: Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Puberty, Reproductive performance, Retention rate, GILT

    Received: 25 Jun 2024; Accepted: 08 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Zhou, Xia, Linghua, Fang, Tao, Qi, Yu, Zhang, Tian, Gao, Bai, Wen, Liu and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Yatian Qi, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
    Yang Yu, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
    Di Zhang, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
    Zihao Gao, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
    Jiahua Bai, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
    Junhui Wen, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
    Junjie Li, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China

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