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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Oncology in Veterinary Medicine
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1451510
This article is part of the Research Topic Cancer in Domestic, Exotic and Wild Animals: New Horizons in Tumorigenesis, Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapeutics through Comparative Oncology View all 7 articles

A novel scoring system proposal to guide treatment of dogs with hepatoid gland tumors

Provisionally accepted
Lorella Maniscalco Lorella Maniscalco 1,2*Matteo Olimpo Matteo Olimpo 2Lorenza Parisi Lorenza Parisi 2Paolo Buracco Paolo Buracco 2Eugenio Mazzone Eugenio Mazzone 2Greta Martinelli Greta Martinelli 2Marina Martano Marina Martano 3Selina Iussich Selina Iussich 2Emanuela Maria Morello Emanuela Maria Morello 2
  • 1 University of Turin, Turin, Italy
  • 2 Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
  • 3 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Hepatoid perianal gland tumors are relatively common in dogs, accounting for 25% of all skin tumors. However, the specific factors involved in their development are still not completely clear. It has been established that hormonal influences can impact the formation of these tumors. The prognosis for dogs with perianal tumors depends largely on histology (benign vs. malignant) and, in case of malignancy, it has been suggested that the stage of the disease is important, with a more favorable outcome in dogs having small (under 5 cm in diameter), non-metastatic adenocarcinomas which are surgically removed with non-infiltrated margins. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies which thoroughly relate hepatoid gland histotypes to their prognosis; therefore, it is possible that a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma could be misclassified.Based on a retrospective review of 76 dogs with hepatoid gland tumors having a clinical follow-up, the aims of this study were 1) to establish a histological grading system capable of potentially predicting prognosis and 2) to explore the role of Ki67 as a potential prognostic marker. Based on histopathological features only, the proposed grading system effectively differentiated tumors with a favorable or worse prognosis from those with a poorworse prognosis despite of histological diagnosis to support histological diagnosis. The evaluation of the Ki67 index was not useful to predict prognosis in this study.

    Keywords: Dogs, neoplasm grading system, Ki67 antigen, perianal glands tumor, hepatoid tumors

    Received: 19 Jun 2024; Accepted: 22 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Maniscalco, Olimpo, Parisi, Buracco, Mazzone, Martinelli, Martano, Iussich and Morello. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Lorella Maniscalco, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

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