Skip to main content

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1520606
This article is part of the Research Topic Epidemiology, prevention, and control of animal diseases in the “stan” countries of Central Asia View all articles

Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021-2024)

Provisionally accepted
Karlygash Zikibayeva Karlygash Zikibayeva 1,2*Asset Svanbayev Asset Svanbayev 2,3Nurlan Akhmetsadykov Nurlan Akhmetsadykov 1,2Kamshat Kudaibergenova Kamshat Kudaibergenova 1Shynar Akhmetsadykova Shynar Akhmetsadykova 4Ernur Nurolda Ernur Nurolda 2Aidyn Kydyrmanov Aidyn Kydyrmanov 5
  • 1 Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • 2 Research and production enterprise "Antigen" LLP, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • 3 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • 4 Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • 5 Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    This study provides an analysis of the epidemiological dynamics of main poultry diseases in Kazakhstan, including highly-pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), H9N2 subtype associated lowpathogenic avian influenza (LPAI), Newcastle disease (ND), infectious bursal disease (IBD), chicken anemia virus (CAV), Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), M. synoviae (MS), and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) induced infections. We assessed disease prevalence, genetic variability, and control measures by utilizing official WOAH data, scientific literature, laboratory analyses (PCR and serology), and veterinary surveys. HPAI exhibited a significantly higher prevalence (10.67%) than ND (4.88%), with considerable variability driven by biosecurity and environmental factors. Genetic sequencing revealed the circulation of virulent infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) genotypes, such as VIIi and VII.2, highly similar to European and Asian strains. Serologic studies identified widespread exposure to MG, MS, and ORT, with evidence of vertical and horizontal transmission. CAV and LPAI H9 showed notable seroprevalence, underscoring endemicity and gaps in vaccination protocols.Our findings highlight the need for enhanced biosecurity, standardized vaccination programs, and routine monitoring to mitigate disease impact. This integrated approach provides valuable insights to support evidence-based decision-making for poultry health management in Kazakhstan.

    Keywords: poultry infectious diseases, Kazakhstan, avian influenza, Newcastle Disease, Mycoplasmosis, Infectious bursal disease, Chicken anemia virus, Epidemiology

    Received: 31 Oct 2024; Accepted: 27 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Zikibayeva, Svanbayev, Akhmetsadykov, Kudaibergenova, Akhmetsadykova, Nurolda and Kydyrmanov. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Karlygash Zikibayeva, Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.