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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Infectious Diseases
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1505497

Novel introductions of human-origin H3N2 Influenza viruses in Swine, Chile

Provisionally accepted
Belen Monserrat Agüero Belen Monserrat Agüero 1,2Naomi Ariyama Naomi Ariyama 2,3Felipe Fernando Berrios Felipe Fernando Berrios 3Nikita Enciso Nikita Enciso 3Barbara Quezada Barbara Quezada 3Rafael A Medina Rafael A Medina 4,5Victor Neira Victor Neira 3,4,6*
  • 1 Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
  • 2 Other, Santiago, Chile
  • 3 Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana, Santiago Metropolitan Region (RM), Chile
  • 4 Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis and Transmission (CRIPT) Center of Excellence of Influenza Research and Response (CEIRR), New York, New York, USA, New York, United States
  • 5 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • 6 Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Influenza A virus (IAV) continuously threatens animal and public health globally, with swine serving as a crucial reservoir for viral reassortment and evolution. In Chile, H1N2 and H3N2 subtypes were introduced in the swine population before the H1N1 2009 pandemic, and the H1N1 was introduced from the H1N1pdm09 by successive reverse zoonotic events. Here, we report two novel introductions of IAV H3N2 human-origin in Chilean swine during 2023. Our study reveals a closer relationship between recent human seasonal H3N2 and novel swine strains. Interestingly, one strain maintains all the genes from the original human virus, but the other strain is already a reassortment of human H3N2 and an H1N2 previously observed on the farm. Observing global IAV sequences, a similar pattern was identified in the USA confirming the reverse zoonotic potential of current seasonal human H3N2 strains. These results highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance and reinforcing biosecurity in swine farms. These findings raise questions about their potential impact on viral dynamics in the swine population and public health, underscoring the need for further investigation into the origin and evolutionary dynamics of this emerging swine H3N2 reassortant virus.

    Keywords: Influenza A virus, Swine, zoonosis, pig, surveillance

    Received: 03 Oct 2024; Accepted: 11 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Agüero, Ariyama, Berrios, Enciso, Quezada, Medina and Neira. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Victor Neira, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

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