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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Animal Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1467108

Spray-dried Plasma Protects against Rotavirus-induced Gastroenteritis via Regulating Macrophage and T cells Divergence in Weanling Pigs

Provisionally accepted
Hui Yan Hui Yan 1*Biqiong Dong Biqiong Dong 1*Xipeng Li Xipeng Li 1*Jun He Jun He 1Bing Yu Bing Yu 1Xiangbing Mao Xiangbing Mao 1Jie Yu Jie Yu 1*Yuheng Luo Yuheng Luo 1Junqiu Luo Junqiu Luo 1Aimin Wu Aimin Wu 1Junning Pu Junning Pu 1*Quyuan Wang Quyuan Wang 1*Huifen Wang Huifen Wang 1*Joe D. Crenshaw Joe D. Crenshaw 2Yanbin Shen Yanbin Shen 2*Daiwen Chen Daiwen Chen 1*
  • 1 Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
  • 2 APC.LLC, IOWA, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Infectious gastroenteritis is the major cause for diarrhea in piglets. The protection of spray-dried plasma (SDP) on viral gastroenteritis during the progression of rotavirus (RV) infection remain unclear. In this study, 64 weanling piglets were randomly assigned to control diets (n = 40) and SDP diets (n = 24) for 14 days, and then pigs were challenged with RV on day 15. Pigs were sacrificed on day 14 (normal condition), day 18 (Manifestation stage), and day 21 (Convalescent stage) of the trial. Prior to RV infection, SDP increased ADG, M1 macrophages and CD4+ T cells in different organs without increasing proinflammatory cytokines, indicating a more robust immunity with less inflammation. During the manifestation of infection, SDP enhanced mucosal immunity by increasing M1 macrophages, M1/M2 ratio and cytokines in mucosa and increasing intraepithelial CD8+ T cells for RV clearance. During the convalescence, SDP promoted M2 macrophage polarization and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines to facilitate intestinal repair and prevent prolonged inflammation. Collectively, SDP enhanced mucosal immunity to promote viral clearance and maintained immune homeostasis to prevent long-lasting inflammation as a therapeutically approach for infectious gastroenteritis.

    Keywords: Spray-dried plasma, macrophage, T cell, Intestinal health, Viral gastroenteritis, Weanling pigs

    Received: 19 Jul 2024; Accepted: 03 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Yan, Dong, Li, He, Yu, Mao, Yu, Luo, Luo, Wu, Pu, Wang, Wang, Crenshaw, Shen and Chen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Hui Yan, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
    Biqiong Dong, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
    Xipeng Li, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
    Jie Yu, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
    Junning Pu, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
    Quyuan Wang, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
    Huifen Wang, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
    Yanbin Shen, APC.LLC, IOWA, United States
    Daiwen Chen, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.