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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Animal Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1425089

Metabolomic Analysis of the Impact of Red Ginseng on Equine Physiology

Provisionally accepted
Young Beom Kwak Young Beom Kwak 1Hye Hyun Yoo Hye Hyun Yoo 2*Jungho Yoon Jungho Yoon 1*
  • 1 Korea racing authority, Gwacheon, Republic of Korea
  • 2 College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Introduction: Red ginseng (RG), a traditional herbal remedy, has garnered attention owing to its diverse health benefits resulting from its complex composition. However, extensive research is needed to substantiate the efficacy of RG and understand the underlying mechanisms supporting these benefits. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and investigate the impact of RG on related metabolic pathways in horse plasma using liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics.Methods: Ten horses were divided into control and RG groups, with the latter administered RG at a dose of 600 mgkg -1 day -1 for 3 weeks. Subsequently, the plasma samples were collected and analyzed using LC-MS. Multivariate statistical analysis, volcano plots, and feature-based molecular networking were employed.The analysis identified 16 metabolites that substantially decreased and 21 metabolites that substantially increased following RG consumption. Among the identified metabolites were oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and ginsenoside Rb1, which are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as lipid species that influence sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Additionally, potential biomarkers, including major RG components, demonstrated distinct group clustering in principal component analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis, indicating their utility in assessing the physiological effects of RG consumption.Discussion: This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the effects of RG on health.

    Keywords: Red ginseng, Metabolomics, biomarkers, Sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism

    Received: 29 Apr 2024; Accepted: 11 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Kwak, Yoo and Yoon. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Hye Hyun Yoo, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
    Jungho Yoon, Korea racing authority, Gwacheon, Republic of Korea

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.