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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Experimental and Diagnostic Pathology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1421153
This article is part of the Research Topic Recent Advances and Diagnostics in Emerging and Re-emerging Poultry Disease View all articles

Advancing IBDV Diagnostics: A One-Step Multiplex Real-Time qRT-PCR for Discriminating Between vvIBDV and Non-vvIBDV Viruses, including the Newly Emerged IBDV Variant

Provisionally accepted
Amany Adel Amany Adel 1*Ali zanaty Ali zanaty 1Zienab Mosaad Zienab Mosaad 1Mona Badr Mona Badr 2Karim Selim Karim Selim 1Naglaa Hagag Naglaa Hagag 1Hany Ellakany Hany Ellakany 2Momtaz Shahein Momtaz Shahein 1,3Ahmed Samy Ibrahim Ahmed Samy Ibrahim 1,3*
  • 1 Central Laboratory for Quality Control of Poultry Production, Agricultural Research Center (Egypt), Cairo, Beni Suef, Egypt
  • 2 Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
  • 3 The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) induces an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in younger chicken causing massive economic losses globally. A major challenge in the field's clinical diagnosis is distinguishing gross lesions caused by vvIBDV from those induced by classic IBDV (cIBDV), commonly used as live vaccines. This study introduces a one-step multiplex real-time PCR assay designed to distinguish between vvIBDV and non-vvIBDV viruses. Via simultaneously targeting the VP2 sequence for vvIBDV detection and the VP1 sequence for non-vvIBDV identification, including classic, American variant and the newly novel variant IBDV (nvarIBDV), the assay's specificity was validated against common avian viral diseases and nonspecific IBDV strains without any observed cross-reactions. It effectively differentiated between vvIBDV and non-vvIBDV field samples, including nvarIBDV, as confirmed by genotyping based on VP2 sequencing. The assay demonstrated a limit of detection ranging from 1.9x10^10 to 10^3 DNA copies for vvIBDV-VP2, 9.2x10^10 to 10^3 DNA copies/μL for classic strains, and 1.2x10^11 to 10^4 DNA copies/μL for nvarIBDV in VP1 detection of non-vvIBDV. In conclusion, this study presents a specific, sensitive, and straight forward multiplex real-time PCR assay.

    Keywords: VP2, VP1, cIBDV, vvIBDV, nVarIBD, Real-Time PCR

    Received: 21 Apr 2024; Accepted: 21 Jun 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Adel, zanaty, Mosaad, Badr, Selim, Hagag, Ellakany, Shahein and Samy Ibrahim. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Amany Adel, Central Laboratory for Quality Control of Poultry Production, Agricultural Research Center (Egypt), Cairo, Beni Suef, Egypt
    Ahmed Samy Ibrahim, Central Laboratory for Quality Control of Poultry Production, Agricultural Research Center (Egypt), Cairo, Beni Suef, Egypt

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.