AUTHOR=Su Bo , Wang Yingjie , Jian Shanqiu , Tang Huaqiao , Deng Huidan , Zhu Ling , Zhao Xiaonan , Liu Jian , Cheng Huangzuo , Zhang Lina , Hu Youjun , Xu Zhiwen 

TITLE=In vitro and in vivo antiviral activity of monolaurin against Seneca Valley virus

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.980187

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2023.980187

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Surveillance of the <italic>Seneca Valley virus</italic> (SVV) shows a disproportionately higher incidence on Chinese pig farms. Currently, there are no vaccines or drugs to treat SVV infection effectively and effective treatment options are urgently needed.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of the following medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) or triglycerides (MCTs) against SVV: caprylic acid, caprylic monoglyceride, capric monoglyceride, and monolaurin.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p><italic>In vitro</italic> experiments showed that monolaurin inhibited viral replication by up to 80%, while <italic>in vivo</italic> studies showed that monolaurin reduced clinical manifestations, viral load, and organ damage in SVV-infected piglets. Monolaurin significantly reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines and promoted the release of interferon-γ, which enhanced the viral clearance activity of this type of MCFA.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Therefore, monolaurin is a potentially effective candidate for the treatment of SVV infection in pigs.</p></sec>