AUTHOR=Bae Hyeona , Kim Sang-Ki , Yu DoHyeon 

TITLE=Comparative analysis of the aberrant immunophenotype and clinical characteristics in dogs with lymphoma: a study of 27 cases

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1254458

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2023.1254458

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Aberrant lymphoma phenotypes are frequently found in dogs, but the clinical implications are sparse.</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>Twenty-seven dogs with aberrant lymphoma diagnosed using flow cytometry between 2017 and 2023 were analyzed. Major paraneoplastic syndromes, prognostic factors, and clinical features of lymphoma were compared to their immunophenotypes.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>Twenty-seven dogs had aberrant immunophenotypes, with MHCII- (48%) and CD3+/CD21+ (44%) being the most commonly identified aberrancies. In B-cell lymphoma, the most frequent aberrancies were MHC II- (53%), CD3+/CD21+ (41%), CD34+ (24%), and CD79a- (24%). Meanwhile, in T-cell lymphoma, CD3+/CD21+ (63%), CD4-/CD8-(50%), CD5- (50%), and CD45- (50%) were the most common. The platelet–neutrophil ratio was significantly higher in the CD3+/CD21+ group than in the other groups, where either one or both markers were not expressed (55.23 ± 39.64; 18.72 ± 14.95, respectively; <italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Serum albumin concentration was significantly lower in the MHCII-group (2.59 g/dL, 95% CI 2.31–2.87) than in the MHCII+ group (3.06 g/dL, 95% CI 2.88–3.23; <italic>p</italic> = 0.009). CD34 expression showed significant correlations with cranial mediastinal mass, WHO clinical substage, and fever (<italic>p</italic> = 0.028, <italic>p</italic> = 0.041, and <italic>p</italic> = 0.047, respectively). MHCII expression was correlated with adverse reactions to chemotherapy, cranial mediastinal masses, and fever (<italic>p</italic> = 0.009, <italic>p</italic> = 0.023, and <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001, respectively). No statistically significant differences in the survival period were observed for any of the phenotypic aberrancies.</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>Aberrant lymphomas are common in dogs. Some clinical prognostic factors that significantly correlate with aberrant immunophenotypes have been identified and can be applied clinically.</p></sec>