AUTHOR=Høg Erling , Fournié Guillaume , Hoque Md. Ahasanul , Mahmud Rashed , Pfeiffer Dirk U. , Barnett Tony 

TITLE=Avian Influenza Risk Environment: Live Bird Commodity Chains in Chattogram, Bangladesh

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.694753

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2021.694753

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=<p>In this paper, we identify behaviours in live bird commodity chains in Chattogram, Bangladesh, which may influence the risk of pathogen emergence and transmission: the nature of poultry trade, value appropriation and selling sick or infected birds. Examining the reasons why actors engage in these behaviours, we emphasise the politics of constraints within a context of real-world decisions, governed by existential and pragmatic agency. Focusing on <italic>contact zones</italic> and <italic>entanglement</italic>, analysing <italic>patron-client relationships</italic> and <italic>precarious circumstances</italic>, we argue that agency and structure specific to the Bangladeshi context produce a <italic>risk environment</italic>. Structural constraints may reinforce risky occupational practises and limit individual agency. Structural constraints need to be addressed in order to tackle animal and zoonotic disease risk along live animal commodity chains.</p>