AUTHOR=Garcia Breno Luis Nery , Fidelis Carlos Eduardo , Freu Gustavo , Granja Brunna de Mattos , dos Santos Marcos Veiga 

TITLE=Evaluation of Chromogenic Culture Media for Rapid Identification of Gram-Positive Bacteria Causing Mastitis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.662201

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2021.662201

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=<p>The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance specificity (Sp), sensitivity (Se), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy (Acc) of two chromogenic culture media for rapid identification of Gram-positive bacteria causing subclinical mastitis (SCM) in dairy cows. For this, the performance of chromogenic culture media Gram-positive (GP) and <italic>Staphylococcus</italic> (Staph) (CHROMagar ™, Paris—France) was evaluated in milk samples collected from: (1) lactating cows with SCM (<italic>n</italic> = 504), and (2) cows in the post-partum period (PP) (7 ± 3 days post-partum; <italic>n</italic> = 536). Rapid identification of Gram-positive bacteria in chromogenic media was performed by visual inspection of colony colors after 24 h of incubation at 37°C. Bacterial identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was considered the reference methodology for calculating: Acc, Se, Sp, PPV, NPV, and Cohen's <italic>Kappa</italic> coefficient of agreement (<italic>k</italic>). The chromogenic media GP showed high Acc for <italic>Strep. agalactiae/dysgalactiae</italic> identification in both samples of SCM (Se: 89.1%; Sp: 96.3% and Acc: 95.6%) and of cows in PP (Se: 100%; Sp: 99.0% and Acc: 99.1%). Similar results were observed for <italic>Strep. uberis/Enterococcus</italic> spp. identification (Se: 90.5%; Sp: 92.5% and Acc: 92.3%) in SCM samples and Se: 100%; Sp: 99.6% and Acc: 99.6% in samples of PP cows using the GP media. However, the GP chromogenic media showed low Se (25.0% in SCM samples and 50.0% in samples of cows in PP) for <italic>Staph. aureus</italic> identification, despite Sp and Acc were high (Sp: 98.3% and Acc: 95.4% in SCM and Sp samples: 99.4% and Acc: 98.9% in PP cow samples). Staph culture media showed high Acc for <italic>Staph. aureus</italic> identification (Se: 80.0%; Sp: 98.8% and Acc: 98.0% in SCM samples and Se: 66.7%; Sp: 100% and Acc: 99.6% in PP cow samples), although the low prevalence of <italic>Staph. epidermidis</italic> and <italic>Staph. saprophyticus</italic> limit inferences about the performance of identifying these pathogens in Staph media. In conclusion, despite the limitation of the GP media for identification of <italic>Staph. aureus</italic>, GP, and Staph chromogenic media obtained satisfactory diagnostic performance results for the rapid identification of the main Gram-positive pathogens associated with SCM.</p>