AUTHOR=Santos Junior Manoel Neres , Macêdo Neres Nayara Silva de , Campos Guilherme Barreto , Bastos Bruno Lopes , Timenetsky Jorge , Marques Lucas Miranda 

TITLE=A Review of Ureaplasma diversum: A Representative of the Mollicute Class Associated With Reproductive and Respiratory Disorders in Cattle

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.572171

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2021.572171

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=<p>The <italic>Mollicutes</italic> class encompasses wall-less microbes with a reduced genome. They may infect plants, insects, humans, and animals including those on farms and in livestock. <italic>Ureaplasma diversum</italic> is a mollicute associated with decreased reproduction mainly in the conception rate in cattle, as well as weight loss and decreased quality in milk production. Therefore, <italic>U. diversum</italic> infection contributes to important economic losses, mainly in large cattle-producing countries such as the United States, China, Brazil, and India. The characteristics of <italic>Mollicutes</italic>, virulence, and pathogenic variations make it difficult to control their infections. Genomic analysis, prevalence studies, and immunomodulation assays help better understand the pathogenesis of bovine ureaplasma. Here we present the main features of transmission, virulence, immune response, and pathogenesis of <italic>U. diversum</italic> in bovines.</p>