AUTHOR=Pereira Fabiellen Cristina , Teixeira Dayane Lemos , Boyle Laura Ann , Pinheiro Machado Filho Luiz Carlos , Williams Shaun Richard Owen , Enriquez-Hidalgo Daniel 

TITLE=The Equipment Used in the SF6 Technique to Estimate Methane Emissions Has No Major Effect on Dairy Cow Behavior

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=7

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2020.620810

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2020.620810

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=<p>The natural behavior of animals can be disrupted by the techniques and materials of research methodologies. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the equipment used in the SF<sub>6</sub> tracer technique to estimate enteric methane emissions on the behavior of lactating dairy cows. The cows (<italic>n</italic> = 24) were allocated to one of two diets: CONTROL and experimental diet (MIX). Behavior was assessed through video recordings between milking times during four phases: 3 days before fitting the cows with the SF<sub>6</sub> equipment (PRE), first 2 days after the cows were fitted with the SF<sub>6</sub> equipment (ADAP), 3 days during methane emission measurements (MEAS), and 2 days after the SF<sub>6</sub> equipment removal (POST). The behaviors recorded included eating, ruminating or idling, resting, and others. Affiliative or agonistic and discomfort behaviors (scratching or pushing the equipment) were also recorded. Lying time was recorded over 14 days using dataloggers fitted to the cows' leg. Milk production and feed intake were recorded daily. MIX cows ruminated more than CONTROL cows (<italic>P</italic> = 0.05). The cows ruminated more at MEAS than in any other phase (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.01). Time spent idling gradually decreased from PRE to MEAS for MIX cows (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.01). The cows were lying down longer in MEAS than in ADAP and POST (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.01). The time spent lying with the head down was shorter during PRE and ADAP than during POST (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05). No difference was observed in the occurrence of discomfort or agonistic behaviors (<italic>P</italic> &gt; 0.05). Affiliative behaviors occurred more often in ADAP than in MEAS (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05). There was no difference between phases in daily lying time, number of lying bouts per day, or mean bout duration (<italic>P</italic> &gt; 0.05). Milk production was not influenced by the SF<sub>6</sub> equipment (<italic>P</italic> &gt; 0.05). Dry matter intake was higher for CONTROL cows (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.01), and it decreased from PRE to MEAS (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.01). However, milk yield did not differ between cows wearing the SF<sub>6</sub> equipment and those without it (<italic>P</italic> &gt; 0.05). We conclude that the SF<sub>6</sub> equipment had a minimal effect on dairy cow behavior.</p>