AUTHOR=Bertone Alicia L. , Reisbig Nathalie A. , Kilborne Allison H. , Kaido Mari , Salmanzadeh Navid , Lovasz Rebecca , Sizemore Joy L. , Scheuermann Logan , Kopp Rosalind J. , Zekas Lisa J. , Brokken Matthew T. 

TITLE=Equine Dental Pulp Connective Tissue Particles Reduced Lameness in Horses in a Controlled Clinical Trial

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=4

YEAR=2017

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2017.00031

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2017.00031

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=<sec id="ST1"><title>Objective</title><p>To assess if injection of allogeneic dental pulp tissue particles would improve lameness in horses with naturally occurring osteoarthritis (OA) or soft tissue (ST) injury.</p></sec><sec id="ST2"><title>Design</title><p>Prospective, randomized, blinded, and controlled clinical trial and client survey assessment.</p></sec><sec id="ST3"><title>Animals</title><p>Forty lame client-owned horses.</p></sec><sec id="ST4"><title>Procedures</title><p>Sterile dental pulp, recovered from otherwise healthy foals that perish during dystocia, was processed under good manufacturing processing to produce mechanically manipulated, unexpanded pulp tissue particles containing viable cells surrounded in extracellular matrix. Forty lame client-owned horses with confirmed OA (<italic>n</italic> = 20), or ST injury (desmitis or tendonitis) received a 2 mL intra-articular (<italic>n</italic> = 20 OA) or intra-lesional (<italic>n</italic> = 20) injection of control transport vehicle (<italic>n</italic> = 20) or 10 × 10<sup>6</sup> dental pulp tissue particles (<italic>n</italic> = 20). Acclimatized horses had baseline measurements performed and were then injected on day 0. Horses were treadmill exercised for 2 weeks, evaluated by clinical parameters, lameness score, edema (score and circumference), pain on flexion (OA) or pressure (ST), and clients’ scores for pain and discomfort before and through 45 days after pulp injection. Twenty horses were available for &gt;2.5-year follow-up.</p></sec><sec id="ST5"><title>Results</title><p>Pulp-treated horses showed decrease in lameness compared to baseline (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.009) or placebo controls (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.013) for at least 2 weeks. Client assessments of comfort were improved between before and 45 days after pulp injection (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001). Clinical improvement with ST injury was significantly greater than OA (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001). At &gt;2.5-year follow-up, at least 10 horses were in work.</p></sec><sec id="ST6"><title>Conclusion and clinical relevance</title><p>Dental pulp tissue particles can be considered as a treatment option for equine lameness due to OA, desmitis, or tendonitis.</p></sec>