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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Trop. Dis
Sec. Major Tropical Diseases
Volume 5 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fitd.2024.1339811

Resistance to neonicotinoids is associated with metabolic detoxification mechanisms in Anopheles coluzzii from agricultural and urban sites in southern Benin

Provisionally accepted
Genevieve TCHIGOSSOU Genevieve TCHIGOSSOU 1*Camille Dossou Camille Dossou 1,2Ghislain Tepa-Yotto Ghislain Tepa-Yotto 1,3Massioudou Koto Massioudou Koto 1,4Seun Atoyebi Seun Atoyebi 1Eric Tossou Eric Tossou 1Danahé Adanzounon Danahé Adanzounon 1Marie Gouété Marie Gouété 1Haziz Sina Haziz Sina 5Magellan Tchouakui Magellan Tchouakui 6Michel Dione Michel Dione 7Charles Wondji Charles Wondji 6Rousseau Djouaka Rousseau Djouaka 1
  • 1 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (Benin), Cotonou, Benin
  • 2 University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Atlantique, Benin
  • 3 National University of Agriculture, Kétou, Plateau, Benin
  • 4 Université Nationale des Sciences,Technologies,Ingénierie et Mathématiques (UNSTIM), Abomey, Zou, Benin
  • 5 Polytechnic University of Abomey, Abomey, Zou, Benin
  • 6 Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé, Cameroon
  • 7 International Livestock Research Institute (Mali), Bamako, Mali

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Neonicotinoids are gradually being introduced into malaria vector control due to their mode of action that target insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). But, prior to scaling up novel insecticides, it is important to assess the susceptibility of mosquito population to this molecule. The present study aimed to determine the susceptibility level of mosquito collected from agricultural and urban sites against neonicotinoids in Benin. Material and methods: An. gambiae sl. larvae were collected from three (3) urban sites and two (2) agricultural sites in southern Benin. An. gambiae sl. larvae collected from three urban and two agricultural sites in southern Benin were exposed to neonicotinoids (clothianidin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid) during 1 hour and mortality rates monitored from 24h to day 7 post-exposure. After molecular identification of the samples. Taqman assays was used to genotype key pyrethroid-resistant markers and qPCRs performed to establish the level of expression of detoxification enzymes in resistant mosquitoes. Results: Overall, resistance to acetamiprid and imidacloprid was observed in the 5 study sites surveyed whereas full susceptibility was recorded to clothianidin. Anopheles coluzzii was the only species found in all sites. Taqman genotyping showed very low presence of key pyrethroids-resistant markers suggesting that metabolic resistance is more implicated in neonicotinoids resistance in Anopheles. coluzzii populations from southern Benin. qPCR performed revealed overexpression of P450 genes (CYP6M2, CYP6P4, CYP6Z1, CYP6Z2, and CYP4G16) and sensory proteins (Sap1, Sap2 and Sap3). Conclusion: This first assessment of neonicotinoids resistance in Benin showed evidence of neonicotinoids resistance in both agricultural and urban areas. However, full susceptibility was observed with clothianidin showing that this insecticide could be used to enhance efficacity of control tools. In addition, Tthere is a need of an integrated approach, including coordinated education on pesticide use, to improve the overall management of insecticide resistance in both agricultural and public health sectors.

    Keywords: Anopheles coluzzii, Neonicotinoids, Resistance, Metabolic mechanism, Agriculture, Urban

    Received: 16 Nov 2023; Accepted: 08 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 TCHIGOSSOU, Dossou, Tepa-Yotto, Koto, Atoyebi, Tossou, Adanzounon, Gouété, Sina, Tchouakui, Dione, Wondji and Djouaka. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Genevieve TCHIGOSSOU, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (Benin), Cotonou, Benin

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