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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Toxicol.
Sec. Clinical Toxicology
Volume 7 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/ftox.2025.1532584

Carbon monoxide poisoning is associated with increased risk of migraine in the long term: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Provisionally accepted
Heewon Hwang Heewon Hwang 1Solam Lee Solam Lee 1Yeon-Woo Heo Yeon-Woo Heo 1Woo-seok Ha Woo-seok Ha 2Kyung Min Kim Kyung Min Kim 2Yong Sung Cha Yong Sung Cha 1*
  • 1 Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
  • 2 College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Objective: Carbon monoxide poisoning can cause migraine-like attacks. However, the association between carbon monoxide poisoning and the risk of migraine has not been thoroughly studied. This study aimed to investigate the long-term risk of migraine in patients with carbon monoxide poisoning.Methods: This nationwide, population-based cohort study was conducted using the administrative database of the National Health Insurance Service of Korea from 2002 to 2021. Patients with carbon monoxide poisoning with at least one visit documented according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code T58 were included. Patients were only included if they had the same diagnostic code at two or more outpatient clinic visits. The primary outcome of this study was the incidence of migraine after carbon monoxide poisoning.The overall risk of migraine was higher in the carbon monoxide poisoning group regardless of age, sex, or use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-1.48). The carbon monoxide poisoning group had a persistently higher cumulative incidence of migraine during the observation period than the control group.Carbon monoxide poisoning was associated with an increased overall risk of developing migraine during long-term follow-up.

    Keywords: Headache, Migraine, Population-based cohort study, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, hyperbaric oxygen therapy

    Received: 22 Nov 2024; Accepted: 06 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Hwang, Lee, Heo, Ha, Kim and Cha. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Yong Sung Cha, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.