AUTHOR=Fadeel Bengt , Alexander Jan , Antunes Sara C. , Dalhoff Kim , Fritsche Ellen , Hogberg Helena T. , Huaux François , Oredsson Stina , Pietroiusti Antonio , Svingen Terje , Wilks Martin F. TITLE=Editorial: Five grand challenges in toxicology JOURNAL=Frontiers in Toxicology VOLUME=6 YEAR=2025 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/toxicology/articles/10.3389/ftox.2024.1533238 DOI=10.3389/ftox.2024.1533238 ISSN=2673-3080