AUTHOR=Rundén-Pran Elise , Mariussen Espen , El Yamani Naouale , Elje Elisabeth , Longhin Eleonora Marta , Dusinska Maria TITLE=The colony forming efficiency assay for toxicity testing of nanomaterials—Modifications for higher-throughput JOURNAL=Frontiers in Toxicology VOLUME=4 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/toxicology/articles/10.3389/ftox.2022.983316 DOI=10.3389/ftox.2022.983316 ISSN=2673-3080 ABSTRACT=

To cope with the high number of nanomaterials manufactured, it is essential to develop high-throughput methods for in vitro toxicity screening. At the same time, the issue with interference of the nanomaterial (NM) with the read-out or the reagent of the assay needs to be addressed to avoid biased results. Thus, validated label-free methods are urgently needed for hazard identification of NMs to avoid unintended adverse effects on human health. The colony forming efficiency (CFE) assay is a label- and interference-free method for quantification of cytotoxicity by cell survival and colony forming efficiency by CFE formation. The CFE has shown to be compatible with toxicity testing of NMs. Here we present an optimized protocol for a higher-throughput set up.