AUTHOR=Albanesi Joseph P. , Barylko Barbara , DeMartino George N. , Jameson David M. TITLE=Palmitoylated Proteins in Dendritic Spine Remodeling JOURNAL=Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience VOLUME=12 YEAR=2020 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/synaptic-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00022 DOI=10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00022 ISSN=1663-3563 ABSTRACT=

Activity-responsive changes in the actin cytoskeleton are required for the biogenesis, motility, and remodeling of dendritic spines. These changes are governed by proteins that regulate the polymerization, depolymerization, bundling, and branching of actin filaments. Thus, processes that have been extensively characterized in the context of non-neuronal cell shape change and migration are also critical for learning and memory. In this review article, we highlight actin regulatory proteins that associate, at least transiently, with the dendritic plasma membrane. All of these proteins have been shown, either in directed studies or in high—throughput screens, to undergo palmitoylation, a potentially reversible, and stimulus-dependent cysteine modification. Palmitoylation increases the affinity of peripheral proteins for the membrane bilayer and contributes to their subcellular localization and recruitment to cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains.