Aristidis Bitzenis Nikolaos Koutsoupias Marios Nosios ^*

• University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece

This research presents a comprehensive bibliometric review of the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in enhancing production efficiency and fostering sustainable development. With the increasing focus on sustainability, AI and ML technologies have emerged as pivotal tools for optimizing industrial processes, improving resource management and minimizing environmental impacts. The study analyzes key ML algorithms in various production settings. This study conducts systematic bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database and Bibliometrix R package, examining global trends, key collaborations, and thematic focuses on AI and ML applications in production efficiency and sustainable development. Novel contributions include uncovering underexplored ethical dimensions of AI adoption and emphasizing the pivotal role of SMEs and developing economies in advancing sustainable practices.Key research trends identified include the integration of AI with sustainable energy management, circular economy practices, and precision agriculture. Furthermore, the analysis reveals geographical contributions, with countries like China, the United States, and the United Kingdom leading in research output and impact.Despite the promising advancements, the review identifies gaps in ethical considerations, especially in data privacy and labor market implications, and suggests avenues for future research, including the implementation of AI and ML in developing economies and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).