AUTHOR=Marianna Sallustro , Ilaria Ficarelli , Teresa Prisco , Armando Pontarelli , Giuseppe Foschini , Marisole Toni , Valerio Rinaldi , Priscilla Nardi , Palumbo Piergaspare , Giulio Illuminati , Vito D’Andrea , Carlo Ruotolo TITLE=Hybrid endovascular and surgical staged approach for mycotic carotid pseudoaneurysms: a case report and literature review JOURNAL=Frontiers in Surgery VOLUME=11 YEAR=2024 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2024.1394441 DOI=10.3389/fsurg.2024.1394441 ISSN=2296-875X ABSTRACT=Background

Mycotic carotid pseudoaneurysms represent a challenge for surgeons. They are rare and associated with high mortality and morbidity.

Methods

We reported a case of a 61-year-old man with a mycotic pseudoaneurysm of carotid bifurcation. The case was managed by a staged procedure, starting with initial endovascular control using a stent graft, followed by open arterial reconstruction using a saphenous vein graft.

Results

The patient was discharged home with a patent carotid artery and no sign of infection or bleeding. A computed tomography scan performed at 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year later confirmed good patency of the graft without imaging of cerebral ischemia.

Conclusions

Mycotic pseudoaneurysms of the extracranial carotid artery are rare and should always be treated surgically. This disease, despite its rarity, requires early detection and treatment to avoid fatal outcomes. A hybrid staged approach is suggested, compared to one-staged surgery, to avoid rupture and improve clinical outcomes. This approach involves using a stent graft combined with antibiotic therapy as bridge treatment until definitive surgery can be performed to enable arterial reconstruction with an autologous graft.