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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Surg.
Sec. Orthopedic Surgery
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2024.1264443

Gender differences after shoulder arthroplasty in inflammatory parameters and blood loss

Provisionally accepted
Isabel Graul Isabel Graul 1,2*Stefan Hertling Stefan Hertling 1,2Franziska M. Loos Franziska M. Loos 3Mario Kaiser Mario Kaiser 4Niklas Eckhardt Niklas Eckhardt 1Ekkehard Schleußner Ekkehard Schleußner 1
  • 1 University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
  • 2 Department of Orthopedics, Waldkliniken Eisenberg, Eisenberg, Germany
  • 3 Independent researcher, Leipzig, Germany
  • 4 Jenoptik GmbH, Jena, Germany

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    In many diseases, gender differences in diagnostics and therapy play an increasingly important role.C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) levels are determined as inflammatory markers to detect inflammation and even infection after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). The general course of white blood cell CRP and hemoglobin (Hb) after TSA is well known, but there is insufficient evidence of a possible association with gender. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether there is an influence of gender on CRP, WBC, and Hb after TSA in the first 10 days after surgery in a complication-free course in male and female patients, and to reevaluate the specific postoperative CRP, WBC, and Hb course with their maximums (minimum for Hb) and further course until the end of the inpatient period.We retrospectively studied patients treated with TSA, RSA (reverse shoulder arthroplasty) and prosthesis replacement between 2015 and 2021. Patients with active inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, secondary osteoarthritis, active cancer, and documented postoperative complications were not included. CRP, WBC, and Hb levels before SA (shoulder arthroplasty) and up to 10 days after SA were recorded and analyzed for gender differences.Data from a total of 316 patients (209 women and 107 men) were finally analyzed. There were no gender differences in the CRP and WBC values, but women had significantly lower preoperative Hb values, postoperative Hb values, and minimum Hb values. There were no significant differences in Hb, CRP, or WBC in the prosthesis exchange group.The progression of CRP and WBC levels showed no gender-specific significant differences after TSA within the first 7 postoperative days. The study confirmed a decreased Hb value for women at all stages of SA. Blood loss was significantly higher for RSA than for TSA for both men and women.

    Keywords: Shoulder arthroplasty, gender -specific, crp, WBC, hb

    Received: 02 Aug 2023; Accepted: 24 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Graul, Hertling, Loos, Kaiser, Eckhardt and Schleußner. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Isabel Graul, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany

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