AUTHOR=Shivapathasundram Ganeshwaran , Wickremesekera Agadha C. , Brasch Helen D. , Marsh Reginald , Tan Swee T. , Itinteang Tinte 

TITLE=Expression of Embryonic Stem Cell Markers on the Microvessels of WHO Grade I Meningioma

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Surgery

VOLUME=5

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2018.00065

DOI=10.3389/fsurg.2018.00065

ISSN=2296-875X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Aim:</bold> The presence of cells within meningioma (MG) that express embryonic stem cell (ESC) markers has been previously reported. However, the precise location of these cells has yet to be determined.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> 3,3-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed on 11 WHO grade I MG tissue samples for the expression of the ESC markers OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC. Immunofluorescence (IF) IHC staining was performed to investigate the localization of each of these ESC markers. NanoString and colorimetric <italic>in situ</italic> hybridization (CISH) mRNA expression analyses were performed on six snap-frozen MG tissue samples to confirm transcriptional activation of these proteins, respectively.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> DAB IHC staining demonstrated expression of OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC within all 11 MG tissue samples. IF IHC staining demonstrated the expression of the ESC markers OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC on both the endothelial and pericyte layers of the microvessels. NanoString and CISH mRNA analyses confirmed transcription activation of these ESC markers.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> This novel finding of the expression of all aforementioned ESC markers in WHO grade I MG infers the presence of a putative stem cells population which may give rise to MG.</p>