Wissem Dhahbi ^*

• Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunis, Tunisia

The field of biomechanics has undergone a transformative evolution, driven by rapid advancements in 12 both hardware and software technologies. These innovations have not only enhanced our understanding 13 of human movement but have also bridged the gap between research and practical applications in sports 14 medicine, performance optimization, and injury rehabilitation. This special issue, titled Advancing 15Biomechanics: Enhancing Sports Performance, Mitigating Injury Risks, and Optimizing Athlete 16Rehabilitation, aims to showcase the latest research and technological developments that are shaping 17 the future of biomechanics in sports. The contributing articles in this special issue highlight the diverse 18 applications of biomechanics, ranging from the analysis of sports techniques to the development of 19 novel rehabilitation strategies. Each study underscores the importance of evidence-based approaches 20 in addressing the complex challenges faced by athletes and sports practitioners. In this editorial, we 21 will summarize the key findings of these studies, discuss their implications, and place them within the 22 broader context of biomechanics research. 23 One of the primary goals of biomechanics is to optimize athletic performance by analyzing and refining 25 movement patterns. The study by Uncovering the hidden mechanics of upper body rotations in tennis 26 serves using wearable sensors on Dutch professional players provides a compelling example of how 27 biomechanical analysis can enhance performance in elite athletes. By using inertial measurement units 28 (IMUs), the researchers were able to capture detailed kinematic data during tennis serves. Their 29 findings revealed that while the kinetic chain principle is generally followed, professional players often 30 deviate from the proximal-to-distal sequence, particularly in second serves. In addition, the systematic review Effects of conservative treatment strategies for iliotibial band 68 syndrome on pain and function in runners evaluates the efficacy of various conservative treatments for 69 iliotibial-band-syndrome. The review highlights the effectiveness of hip abductor strengthening 70 exercises, particularly when combined with shockwave or manual therapy, in reducing pain and 71 improving function in runners. This study emphasizes the importance of evidence-based rehabilitation 72 strategies in managing common running injuries and facilitating a safe return to sport. 73 The integration of advanced technologies into biomechanics research has opened new avenues for 75 understanding human movement and developing innovative solutions for sports performance and 76 injury management. The study Biological reliability of a movement analysis assessment using a 77 markerless motion capture system demonstrates the reliability of markerless motion capture (MMC) 78 systems in assessing human movement. The researchers found that MMC systems exhibit good to 79 excellent reliability for capturing kinematic variables, with biological variability being the primary 80 source of error. These findings support the use of MMC systems as a valid and practical tool for 81 movement analysis in both research and clinical settings. 82 Another notable contribution is the pilot study A comparison of individual force decline profiles during 83 a fatiguing eccentric trunk flexion and extension protocol, which explores the variability in force 84 profiles during fatiguing tasks. The study reveals significant inter-individual differences in fatigue 85 characteristics, which may be influenced by physiological, technical, and motivational factors. These 86 findings have important implications for understanding spinal stability and developing personalized 87 training programs to reduce the risk of injury during fatiguing activities. 88 The studies featured in this special issue collectively highlight the transformative impact of 90 biomechanics on sports performance, injury prevention, and athlete rehabilitation. By leveraging 91 cutting-edge technologies and evidence-based approaches, researchers and practitioners can address 92 the complex challenges faced by athletes and optimize their performance and well-being. However, 93 several areas warrant further investigation. For example, the integration of machine learning and 94 artificial intelligence into biomechanical analysis holds promise for enhancing the accuracy and 95 efficiency of movement assessments. Additionally, longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the 96 long-term effects of biomechanical interventions on injury prevention and rehabilitation outcomes. 97 98