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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Sociol.
Sec. Medical Sociology
Volume 9 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1448821
This article is part of the Research Topic Navigating Equality: Addressing Stigma and Discrimination Against Sexual and Gender Minorities in Access to Gender-Affirming Healthcare View all articles

Healthcare experiences of LGBTQ+ people: Nonbinary people remain unaffirmed

Provisionally accepted
Dustin Nowaskie Dustin Nowaskie 1*Olwen Menez Olwen Menez 2
  • 1 Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
  • 2 Indiana University School of Medicine, Evansville, Indiana, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Introduction: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and all sexually and gender diverse (LGBTQ+) people experience discrimination across many contexts, including healthcare environments. While some research has shown transgender people and nonbinary people often endure higher rates of marginalization than cisgender, sexually diverse people, past data are limited. Methods: A sample of LGBTQ+ people (N = 173) in the United States completed an anonymous, online, self-reported survey, which included the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems and healthcare experience questions. Groups, including people who identified as cisgender, sexually diverse (n = 116), transgender (n = 24), and nonbinary (n = 33), were compared using chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance tests. Results: Compared to cisgender, sexually diverse people, nonbinary people were less likely to report feeling comfortable with a physical exam, having good mental health, respected by providers, that providers had adequate medical information, that providers could care for someone going through gender affirmation, and that hospital staff were comfortable interacting with them. Additionally, nonbinary people were more likely to report hospital staff misgendering them. Discussion: These unique LGBTQ+ subgroup differences may be secondary to identityspecific stigma that nonbinary people face. More international studies are needed to elucidate these subgroup-specific healthcare experiences across LGBTQ+ identities.

    Keywords: Discrimination, healthcare, LGBTQ+, nonbinary, stigma, transgender Introduction

    Received: 13 Jun 2024; Accepted: 08 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Nowaskie and Menez. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Dustin Nowaskie, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.