AUTHOR=de Dios-Aguado Mercedes , Cunha-Oliveira Aliete , Cotto-Andino Maylene , Gama de Sousa Aperibense Pacita Geovana , de Almeida Peres Maria Angélica , Gómez-Cantarino Sagrario TITLE=Gender diversity and syphilis: something's going on? JOURNAL=Frontiers in Sociology VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2023 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sociology/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2023.1232609 DOI=10.3389/fsoc.2023.1232609 ISSN=2297-7775 ABSTRACT=This article aims to analyze the influence of syphilis among people with sexual and gender diversity, different from the binary dimension. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted as a method to address the objective of the study, based on the Dialectical Structural Model of Care (DSM) to obtain the phenomenon from the perspective of cultural history. Results: The review allowed for the analysis of 98 documents, of which 40 texts were used. The construction of sex and gender in Western civilization is based on the Judeo-Christian tradition, which allowed many people throughout history to be persecuted and mistreated for living a lifestyle different from that dictated by religious and traditional canons. Thus, throughout history, homosexuals and prostitutes have suffered segregation, mockery, aggression, and health problems, including syphilis. Conclusions: Despite having a treatment and cure, this pathology has stood the test of time and has remained a secret, obscure and difficult to detect disease, which is still very much present in people of all social classes. It is necessary to re-view history to understand the reasons why syphilis is still prevalent in different societies today.