Zhidong Wang ¹ Fuyuan Yang ¹ Shuying Lai ^2* Yuechuan Tao ³ Jiawei Zhang ²

• ¹ State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
• ² The University of Sydney, Darlington, Australia
• ³ City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR China

The integration of electric vehicles (EVs) into the electricity and carbon markets presents a promising pathway toward sustainable transportation futures. This paper proposes a comprehensive framework that synergizes the operations of the electricity and carbon markets with the growing adoption of EVs. The proposed framework includes a low-carbon transmission network operation model that integrates the electricity market and carbon market, facilitating optimal energy dispatch while minimizing carbon emissions. Additionally, the framework extends to distribution network operations, incorporating a double carbon taxation mechanism to address emissions both at the generation and consumption levels. A carbon emission flow (CEF) model is employed to meticulously trace carbon emissions across the supply chain, enhancing transparency and accountability. The framework also introduces an EVintegrated traffic flow model that captures the interactions between transportation networks and energy demand, influencing traffic dynamics and EV charging behaviours. Furthermore, a planning and pricing model for EV charging stations is developed, incorporating carbon costs into the pricing strategy to incentivize eco-friendly practices. The multi-level solution algorithm ensures iterative convergence of decision variables across transmission, distribution, and transportation networks, ultimately fostering an integrated eco-transport system. This work contributes to the development of sustainable transport systems by promoting efficient EV integration and supporting decarbonization efforts in both energy and transportation sectors.