Yong Yao Tan ^* Magneline Ke Xin Ang Ching Yi Aliza Wong Kinjal Vidyut Mehta Sir Young James Loh

• Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in South-East Asia has increased over the years. When conservative management fails, Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a reliable option. Despite over 90% post-operative satisfaction, a small percentage of patients remain dissatisfied. Dissatisfaction arises from unmet expectations, influenced by cultural and urban factors. Surgeons must counsel patients on likely post-operative activities, but limited data on knee range of motion (ROM) for daily tasks in South-East Asia renders personalised guidance challenging. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the minimum knee ROM required for daily activities in a healthy South-East Asian urban population. The secondary aim was to determine association between anthropometric measurements and knee ROM required for the activities. An email describing the study was sent out to staff in the hospital with the intention of recruiting them as volunteers for the study. Enrolled participants were between ages 21 to 65 and able to give informed consent. Interested volunteers with past medical history involving the lower limbs and spine were excluded. Those with history of lower limb joint pain or back pain within the last one year were also excluded. The KINEXCS KIMIA device was used to measure the knee ROM. The overall characteristics of participants were summarised using descriptive statistics. Anthropometric measurements and their association with knee ROM during the various activities was analysed. Fifty participants (32 male, 18 female) were enrolled into the study. The average age was 28.5 years old (SD 5.57). The average height was 168cm (SD 0.0870) and the average body mass index (BMI) was 23.02kg/m^2 (SD 2.82). The average knee range required for walking on flat ground and stair climbing were less than 90°. The average knee range required for squatting and kneeling was at least 127°. Finally, the average knee range required for sitting cross-legged was 106°. Lower limb length, leg length and calf circumference had significant correlations with the knee ROM required to perform the activities. The study's findings, combined with an understanding of cultural expectations, might prove to be valuable for counselling and managing patients undergoing TKA in an urban South-East Asian country.