AUTHOR=Hart Tessa , Rabinowitz Amanda 

TITLE=Changes in social participation between 1 and 2 years following moderate-severe traumatic brain injury

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences

VOLUME=3

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/rehabilitation-sciences/articles/10.3389/fresc.2022.945699

DOI=10.3389/fresc.2022.945699

ISSN=2673-6861

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Objective</title><p>To examine patterns of change in social participation in persons with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI) between 1 and 2 years postinjury, and predictors of observed change.</p></sec><sec><title>Participants</title><p>375 participants with msTBI enrolled in a single TBI Model System site.</p></sec><sec><title>Measures and Methods</title><p>The dependent variable in a linear regression was a reliable change score for the Social Relations subscale of the Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective, administered at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. Predictors of change included demographics, injury severity, social and functional status at Year 1, and changes in function and life circumstances between years 1 and 2.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Social participation status did not change substantially for <inline-formula><mml:math id="M1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mfrac></mml:math></inline-formula> of the sample, while approximately equal proportions of the remainder improved or declined. The regression model was significant (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). Improvement was predicted by private vs. public insurance and decline was predicted by a reduction in the FIM functional outcome measure from year 1 to year 2. Marginal predictors included education (higher levels predicting improvement) and year 1 marital status (single status predicting decline).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Longitudinal change in social participation in the chronic phase of msTBI deserves further study, with attention to resource limitations and the impact of changes in functional status.</p></sec>