Comparative Global Burden Analysis of Lymphoma Subtypes: A Statistical Evaluation of Severity across Global Regions

Yu Liang¹Yingying Tang²Yuanyuan WanYan²Erwei Li^3*

• ¹Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
• ²Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
• ³Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, China

Various subtypes of lymphoma, such as Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma, created a significant global health burden. The main aim of this study is to analyse the severity of these types of lymphoma in different global regions from 1990 to 2021, focusing on age-standardised incidence rates, disability-adjusted life years, and Quality of Care Index (QCI), and to investigate the statistical significance of regional disparities in mortality. We observed into death rates, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and changes in the number of cases of all types of lymphomas, including lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, other non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Burkitt lymphomas. For this purpose, we collected the needed information from Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME).We also categorised the various regions according to their socio-demographic index (SDI) and compared mortality and DALYs among these areas using ANOVA test. We demonstrated worldwide lymphoma burden and regional variations using trends over a 31-year period. The analysis revealed significant trends in the global and regional burden of various lymphoma types between 1990 and 2021. For Hodgkin lymphoma, DALYs decreased observed from 0.000513 to 0.000285 and the death rate reduced from 0.000629 to 0.000313, further revealing progress in disease burden at current status. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma showed an increase in DALYs from 0.002012 to 0.002430 and deaths from 0.003182 to 0.003624, exhibiting regular difficulties. There was a high increase trend in DALYs for Hodgkin lymphoma (from 0.000396 to 0.000922) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (from 0.001147 to 0.002779) in areas with low SDI. This shows that access to health care is not the same for everyone. Statistical analysis results also demonstrated that lower SDI regions had higher mortality rates, underscoring the urgent need for targeted healthcare interventions to address these disparities and reduce the global burden of lymphoma. The results of this study demonstrate significant regional disparities in the severity of lymphoma, indicating the need for specialised medical treatments to address these differences. However, Most of high-income countries showed lower mortality rates and further reflecting better healthcare infrastructure. Whereas low-income regions showed higher mortality rates and a need for better medical facilities and treatment in these areas.