Craftwell: A feasibility and acceptability study of outdoor heritage crafting for wellbeing and mental health

Emily Shoesmith ^1* Patricia Darcy ¹ Stephanie Piper ² Piran White ^3,4 Andy Needham ² Aimée Little ² Gareth Perry ² Peter Coventry ^1,4

• ¹ Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of York, Heslington, Yorkshire and the Humber, United Kingdom
• ² Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of York, York, United Kingdom
• ³ Department of Environment and Geography, Faculty of Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
• ⁴ York Environmental Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Background: There has been increasing interest in creativity, heritage and nature to improve health-related outcomes. However, limited research has examined the intersection of heritage crafting in the context of natural spaces. This study aims to explore the feasibility and acceptability of an archaeologically informed outdoor heritage crafting intervention. Methods: A mixed-methods single group before and after feasibility study was conducted. Participants completed questionnaires, including validated items measuring outcomes related to mental health, wellbeing, social connectedness, mindfulness, perceived state of flow and the connection with nature and the environment. Qualitative interviews were conducted with participants to explore their experiences, and data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Forty-eight participants from a University in the United Kingdom attended the workshops, achieving the recruitment target within the required timeframe. The response rate to all pre-workshop measures was 100% and remained at 100% post-workshop, with the exception of missing data for two participants (4.2%) for measures assessing wellbeing and anxiety, and missing data for five participants (10.4%) for the measure assessing depression. Therefore, response and retention rates indicate high levels of feasibility to conduct a robust evaluation of this intervention. Five themes were identified, including: participant motivation to sign up; engaging with creative activities in a natural setting; skilled facilitation and a flexible approach; group delivery, and duration and frequency of workshops. Overall, the workshops were positively received by participants, primarily attributing their satisfaction to engagement with group-based creative activities in a natural setting with an educational component.Conclusion: This study has shown it is feasible and acceptable to deliver and evaluate an archaeologically informed heritage crafting intervention to support wellbeing. These results suggest the need for formal testing of the potential health benefits of the intervention to address policy imperatives for developing and implementing community-and place-based approaches to support mental health.