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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Prevention
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1530227
Global Burden of Trichomoniasis: Current Status, Trends, and Projections (1990-2021)
Provisionally accepted- 1 Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- 2 Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
Objectives: Trichomoniasis one of the most neglected sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), imposes a significant global disease burden. This study aims to assess the burden and trends of trichomoniasis from 1990 to 2021 and to project its incidence from 2022 to 2050.Methods: This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study for secondary analysis. We determined the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of trichomoniasis by sex, age, and socio-demographic index (SDI) level. Changes in burden trends across sex and age were explored from 1990 to 2021, using joinpoint regression. The incidence of trichomoniasis was projected for the period 2022 to 2050, using R software.Results: From 1990 to 2021, the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in the global ASIR of trichomoniasis was 0.09 (95% CI: 0.06 to 0.13). In 2021, the global ASIR of trichomoniasis was 4,133.41 per 100,000 people (95% UI: 3,111.37 to 5,583.56 per 100,000). By population group, the ASIR was higher in men (4,353.43 per 100,000) than in women (3,921.31 per 100,000) in 2021, while the DALY rate was significantly higher in women than in men (6.45 vs 0.23 per 100,000). When divided by age groups, the trend in ASIR among women aged 30-54 years aligned closely with the overall population incidence trend. In 2021, ASIRs were highest in low SDI regions, and the projected ASIRs by 2050 are 5,680.57 per 100,000 in males and 5,749.47 per 100,000 in females.Conclusions: Trichomoniasis represents a significant global disease burden, particularly among women in low-income areas and individuals aged 30-54 years. The study highlights the need for targeted strategies to reduce the burden of trichomoniasis-related infections, especially in vulnerable populations.
Keywords: trichomoniasis, Global burden, trend analysis, Sexually transmitted disease, Annual percentage change
Received: 18 Nov 2024; Accepted: 17 Feb 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wei, Liu, Liu, Qin, Wu, Jiang and Shang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xingmin Wei, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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