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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Health and Nutrition
Volume 13 - 2025 |
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1515797
This article is part of the Research Topic Bridging the Gap: Implementing Effective Lifestyle Interventions Focusing on Nutrition and Physical Activity for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention in Low and Middle-Income Countries View all articles
Global, regional, and national burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus caused by high BMI from 1990 to 2021, and forecasts to 2045: analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Provisionally accepted- Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
Objective: To produce estimates of the global burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) caused by high body mass index (high BMI) and its impact for 2021 and projections for 2045. Methods: We downloaded data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021(GBD 2021) to estimate the disease burden of T2DM caused by high BMI. Secondary analyses were performed by year, age, gender, region, and socio-demographic index (SDI).Results: Globally, the all-ages number of T2DM-related deaths has increased significantly from 238.1 thousand to 723.7 thousand, representing a 203.9% increase since 1990. The all-ages number of T2DM-related DALYs has increased from 10.4 million to 39.3 million, increased by 276.7% from 1990. The burden was expected to continue to expand to 1296.7 thousand by 2045 for all-ages number of deaths, and 85.5 million by 2045 for all-ages number of DALYs. The curves of T2DM-related burden showed an intersection for different genders around the age of 60, beyond which women exhibit a higher burden, compared to men. The disease burden of T2DM caused by high BMI shows a significant upward trend across all SDI groups, with a heavier burden on women, especially in the postmenopausal female population. In 2021, among the 204 countries and territories, the top 3 largest number of T2DM-related burdens caused by high BMI occurred in China, India, and USA. The top 3 countries with the highest T2DM-related rate caused by high BMI were Fiji, Marshall Islands, and Kiribati.Conclusion: Our study reveals that the disease burden of T2DM caused by high BMI is significantly increasing and is expected to continue rising in the future. Women bear a heavier burden, particularly postmenopausal women, and there are significant differences in the disease burden across different geographical regions and socioeconomic statuses. Targeted considerations and specific strategies are essential to address these disparities, thereby improving public health and reducing the burden.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), High body mass index (high BMI), deaths, Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), Socio-demographic index (SDI), Global burden of diseases (GBD)
Received: 23 Oct 2024; Accepted: 10 Jan 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Huang, Wu, Ni, Xu and He. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yanyan Wu, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
Yulu Ni, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
Haiyan Xu, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
Yinhui He, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
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