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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Prevention
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1508793
This article is part of the Research Topic Challenges in reaching the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets in Sub-Saharan Africa: Status, innovations, and pathways forward View all 4 articles
Factors affecting viralus suppression or rebound among persons living with HIV and on antiretroviral therapy in Ghana
Provisionally accepted
Anthony T Boateng 1,2
James ABOAGYE 1
Helena Lamptey 1 Christopher Z-Y Abana 1,2 Araba Abaidoo-Myles 1,2 Darius N K Quansah 1
Seth Agyemang 3
Yaw Awuku-Larbi 1 Gloria Ansa 4
Joseph Oliver-commey 5
Vincent Ganu 6
George Kyei 1,7 Peter Puplampu 6*
Evelyn Yayra Bonney 1*- 1 Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- 2 West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon,, Accra, Ghana
- 3 Immunology Department, Central Laboratory, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle-Bu,, Accra, Ghana
- 4 Public Health Unit, University of Ghana Hospital, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- 5 LEKMA Hospital, Teshie,, Accra, Ghana
- 6 Department of Medicine, University of Ghana School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu,, Accra, Ghana
- 7 Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
value<0.001) and ART regimen [NVP based vs DTG based] (OR 7.00, 95% CI; 1. 15-42.57, p-value=0.034) were associated with virus suppressionVLS of <50 copies/ml. The overall virus rebound rate was estimated at 13.61 per 1,000 person-months (95% CI 10.52 -17.74) with the rates decreasing with time. Educational level up to Junior High School (p=0.011) was significantly associated with virus rebound.Measuring viral loadVLs at 3-time points within 2 years was peculiar to our study and may explain the high virus suppressionVLS observed. Virus rebound was linked to low education level, and this calls for targeted education of PLWH with JHS level education or less. Regular viral loadVL monitoring and implementation of measures against virus rebound particularly among PLWH with lower education up to JHS level will push Ghana towards attaining the third '95 of the UNAIDS ambitious 95:95:95 target by 2030.
Keywords: virus bound, virus suppressionviral load suppression, viral loadviral load, Art, HIV
Received: 09 Oct 2024; Accepted: 27 Feb 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Boateng, ABOAGYE, Lamptey, Abana, Abaidoo-Myles, Quansah, Agyemang, Awuku-Larbi, Ansa, Oliver-commey, Ganu, Kyei, Puplampu and Bonney. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Peter Puplampu, Department of Medicine, University of Ghana School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu,, Accra, Ghana
Evelyn Yayra Bonney, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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