95% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or good
Learn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish.
Find out more
ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Health Education and Promotion
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1490166
A community outreach program enhances education on opioid and e-cigarette misuse among teenagers.
Provisionally accepted
Basma M. Klump 1
Ananya Varre 2
John P. Karns 2
Esha Garg 2
Richa Patel 2
Urja Parikh 3 Anthony Mansour 3
Carrie Nazaroff 3
Carolina B.A. Restini 1,2,3*- 1 Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
- 2 Michigan State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
- 3 Michigan State University, Clinton Township, Michigan, United States
Substance use epidemics, particularly opioids and e-cigarettes, pose a significant public health crisis, especially among minors. To address opioid and e-cigarette epidemics among young individuals, a Substance Use Prevention (SUP) program educated high school students in southeast Michigan. Through a medical student-led intervention, we implemented interactive educational methods to deliver evidence-based information on the risks associated with these substances. A non-randomized pre-and post-test quasi-experimental study design assessed the impact of the SUP interventions on the high school students' understanding of addiction mechanisms, health consequences, and prevention strategies. We assessed baseline knowledge (pre-intervention questionnaires), demographic factors, and post-intervention knowledge. Data analysis among 100 students from four high schools revealed that while students started with varied levels of baseline knowledge, they reported significantly higher confidence in their opioid (p < 0.0001) and e-cigarette (p < 0.0001) knowledge after the intervention. Students significantly (p < 0.05) improved their ability to recognize causes of overdose (scoring 65% vs 78%), risk factors (21% to 84%), and naloxone as emergency treatment (38% to 80%) after the intervention. Subjects showed no changes in individual knowledge of e-cigarettes, which we attribute to school-specific variances and/or high baseline knowledge. The difference in knowledge among schools may be due to disparities in race and differences in socioeconomic status, as shown by the increased poverty level. This study evidenced the importance of raising awareness among adolescents to improve their learning and comprehension of the causes and consequences of substance misuse by sharing medically focused explanations of substances as well as the economic and societal impact.
Keywords: substance use epidemics, substance misuse, high-school students, Medical Education, Health Literacy, community services, opioids awareness, e-cigarettes awareness
Received: 02 Sep 2024; Accepted: 17 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Klump, Varre, Karns, Garg, Patel, Parikh, Mansour, Nazaroff and Restini. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Carolina B.A. Restini, Michigan State University, Clinton Township, Michigan, United States
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.