ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Health Policy
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1486936
This article is part of the Research TopicToward a Decision-Centric Precision Public Health: Clinical, Operational, and Analytical AdvancesView all 14 articles
Assessment of extemporaneous compounding of dermatological formulations in Governmental Hospital Pharmacies in Northwest Ethiopia: A Multicenter Descriptive Cross-sectional study
Provisionally accepted
- 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia., Debre Markos university, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
- 2Depertment of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- 4Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Background: Dermatological problems are among the leading causes of hospital visits in Ethiopia.Extemporaneous compounded products are currently used by many patients with different disorders. The aim of the study was to evaluate the most commonly prescribed extemporaneously compounded products compounding practice and applicability of compounding guidelines at five randomly selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based multicenter descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by retrospectively analyzing prescription records for dermatological compounding from January to April 2023. A total of 423 prescriptions from hospital pharmacies were systematically selected.Data related to skin condition patterns, product selection, and dosage form types were extracted using a semi-structured data extraction tool and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 at a significance level of 5%.Results: A total of 423 prescriptions containing dermatological products for compounding were analyzed. Most patients were female (82.1%) and aged 30-64 years (46.3%). Melasma (82.9%), acne vulgaris (68.6%), acute dermatitis (63.27%), and Rosacea (61.54%) were the four top dermatological diseases for which compounding preparations were prescribed. More than half of the prescriptions (56.26%) contained a combination of two drugs. most compounded dosage form was semisolid preparations (95.98%), while the remaining 17 (4.02%) were liquids. Salicylic acid (35.39%) was the most frequently prescribed active ingredient, followed by Clobetasone (13.03%) and Betamethasone (10.01%). Vaseline (47.62%) and Nivea cream (44.3%) were the most commonly used excipients for compound preparations. Hydroquinone (4%) with Nivea cream (30gm) (17.0%), followed by salicylic acid (5%) + Betamethasone (75g) + Vaseline (20g) (10.6%) were the most commonly prescribed dermatological formulations.Conclusion: Dermatological disease is more prevalent in the study area. and extemporaneous compounding is a common element of pharmaceutical care. Extemporaneous and topical semisolid preparations containing two or more active ingredients are the most widely compounded and prescribed products. This study suggests the application of good manufacturing practices and componding guidelines for extemporaneous compounding of dermatological formulations to ensure efficacy, quality, and safety.
Keywords: compounding, Extemporaneous preparation, Dermatological disease, Skin preparations, Ethiopia
Received: 27 Aug 2024; Accepted: 14 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Dagnew, Sendekie, Tsega, Mekonnen and Biazen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Ephrem Dagnew, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia., Debre Markos university, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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