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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Health and Nutrition
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1474815
Development and Validation of Nutrition Assessment Questionnaire Based on Social and Behavior Change Model for Adolescents in Ethiopia
Provisionally accepted- 1 University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- 2 Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Background: A reliable assessment of behavior change requires the use of a tool validated based on an appropriate behavior change model. Studies on nutrition behavior change assessment tools are limited. Objective: This study was conducted to develop and validate plant-origin protein food consumption behavior assessment questionnaire based on Pender's behavior change model for adolescent girls in Ethiopia.Methods: A pool of items was generated by reviewing related behavior change theories and manuals, dietary guidelines, and literature dedicated to pulses-food function, processing and preparation. The items were examined for content and face validity. Exploratory factor analysis was performed after checking its assumptions, including the factorability of the instrument using Bartlett's test of Sphericity and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy.Eigenvalue and scree plot were used to determine the number of factors. Factor loading and communality were used for item retention. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to examine scale and dimension level reliabilities.Results: Of 53 items analyzed, 29 items and six factors were retained. The scale level reliability was 0.7210 and the factor level reliabilities were 0.69 for factor 1 (i48, i49, i50, i52, i53, i31, i32), 0.67 for factor 2 (i7, i8, i9, i10, i12, i13, i14), 0.63 for factor 3 (i23, i24, i25, i26, fi27, i28), 0.31 for factor 4 (i4, i5, i40), 0.59 for factor 5 (i35, i36, i37) and 0.58 for factor 6 (i18, i19, i20).The tool has an acceptable scale level reliability. The factors are theoretically meaningful and consistent with recommendations. The tool can be used as foot step to develop tools in related fields. However, it needs further refinement to be used as a standard tool.
Keywords: Social and Behavior Change, dietary behavior, questionnaire, validity, Reliability
Received: 17 Sep 2024; Accepted: 17 Feb 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Mekonnen, Biks, Azale and Mengistu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Fantahun Ayenew Mekonnen, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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