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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Public Health
Sec. Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Prevention
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1435930
This article is part of the Research Topic SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Beyond the Pandemic Era View all 21 articles

Assessment of Serum Biomarker Changes Following the COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccination: A Cohort Study in Sylhet, Bangladesh

Provisionally accepted
Shangida Akther Shangida Akther 1Fairoz Samiha Fairoz Samiha 1Sabrina Amita Sony Sabrina Amita Sony 1*Mohammad Abul Hasnat Mohammad Abul Hasnat 1*S M Saiful Islam S M Saiful Islam 2*Shamim Ahmed Shamim Ahmed 1*Mohammad Abdullah-Al-Shoeb Mohammad Abdullah-Al-Shoeb 1*
  • 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
  • 2 Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Objectives:Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout the world and the current COVID-19 vaccines have shown to be the most effective means of combating the COVID-19. This study focused to examine the status of serum biomarkers in individuals infected and non-infected with SARS-CoV-2, both before and after COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination.Methods: This study comprised 133 adults aged 35 and older including both academic and non-academic personnel associated with Shahjalal University of Science and Technology in Sylhet, Bangladesh. Participants were evaluated before and after COVID-19 pandemic, as well as following two doses of vaccination. Blood samples were collected to measure different serum biomarkers, including fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum creatinine, serum alanine transaminase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.Result: In all participants, serum creatinine, FBS and TC levels significantly increased after two doses of vaccination (P = 0.022, 0.006, 0.05) compared to pre-vaccination levels. Notably, all serum biomarkers showed a significant elevation (P ≤ 0.05) in the self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infected group (n=44). Additionally, 31% of participants were newly diagnosed with hyperglycemia after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.Conclusion: The findings indicate that both self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination could influence different serum biomarker levels. However, further comprehensive research is necessary to discern the precise factors contributing to the alterations observed in the serum biomarker levels for future health management strategy.

    Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 vaccine, Hyperglycemia, lipid profile, serum creatinine

    Received: 21 May 2024; Accepted: 04 Feb 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Akther, Samiha, Sony, Abul Hasnat, Islam, Ahmed and Abdullah-Al-Shoeb. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Sabrina Amita Sony, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
    Mohammad Abul Hasnat, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
    S M Saiful Islam, Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
    Shamim Ahmed, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
    Mohammad Abdullah-Al-Shoeb, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.