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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Public Health
Sec. Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Prevention
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1424720

Case-Control Study on Risk Factors for In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Severe COVID-19

Provisionally accepted
Kemei Wu Kemei Wu 1Lili Yin Lili Yin 2*Jiangqin Han Jiangqin Han 1Qiuhan Cai Qiuhan Cai 2Yang Guo Yang Guo 2Xin Jin Xin Jin 1Jinling Wu Jinling Wu 1Yupei Cheng Yupei Cheng 1
  • 1 Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
  • 2 First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify independent risk factors affecting patient survival and explore predictors of severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational, case-control study on adult patients with severe COVID-19 who were admitted to affiliated hospitals in Tianjin between December 18, 2022, and January 31, 2023. We used univariate and multifactorial logistic regression analyses to analyze demographic indicators, comorbidity profiles, and laboratory parameters in two groups of patients (deceased and surviving) to identify independent risk factors for death in patients with severe COVID-19. Results: Patients in the deceased group were older than those in the survival group (P = 0.018), and there were more cases of coexisting respiratory insufficiency in the deceased group (P = 0.002). Additionally, laboratory test results for white blood cell count (WBC) and creatine kinase (CK) showed significantly higher values in the deceased group (P = 0.047 and P = 0.029, respectively), while arterial oxygen partial pressure (PAO2) showed significantly lower values compared to the survival group (P = 0.021). Age, respiratory insufficiency, WBCH (highest WBC value), CKH (highest CK value), and PAO2F (first PAO2 value) had area under curve (AUC) values of 0.698, 0.838, 0.721, 0.744, and 0.633, respectively. Conclusions: The main risk factors for mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 that we identified in this study were the advanced age of patients, coexisting respiratory insufficiency, elevated levels of WBC and CK, and decreased levels of PAO2. Elevated WBC and CK laboratory parameters, in particular, demonstrated good predictive value for in-hospital mortality risk.

    Keywords: case-control study, Mortality, Retrospective Studies, Risk factors, Risk prediction models, Severe COVID-19

    Received: 28 Apr 2024; Accepted: 16 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Wu, Yin, Han, Cai, Guo, Jin, Wu and Cheng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Lili Yin, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.