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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Mental Health
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1404270

Associations of the Charlson Comorbidity Index with depression and mortality among the U.S. adults

Provisionally accepted
Wenhua Lan Wenhua Lan 1Xueqin Sui Xueqin Sui 1Anbang Liu Anbang Liu 2*Chao Ma Chao Ma 3*Zongyu Qiu Zongyu Qiu 1
  • 1 Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
  • 2 Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
  • 3 Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Chronic comorbidities are often associated with higher risks of depression and mortality. This study aims to explore the relationships between the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and depression, and their combined effect on mortality.: This study made use of data gathered in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018, including a collective of 23,927 adult participants. According to CCI score distribution, we grouped CCI into three groups (T1, CCI=0; T2, CCI=1; T3, CCI≥2), where CCI≥2 group may have two or more chronic diseases. We used multivariable logistic regression models to investigate the relationship between CCI and depression. The study utilized the Cox proportional hazards model to investigate the association between CCI, the combination of CCI and depression, and all-cause mortality.Results: Our analysis revealed that after adjusting for potential confounders, a positive association was found between CCI and depression (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.29). Moreover, a greater CCI was found to be closely linked to higher mortality in individuals with depression (HR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.11, 1.18). Stratifying CCI into tertiles, higher tertiles of CCI (T2, T3 vs. T1) also showed positive associations with depression and all-cause mortality. For patients with CCI ≥2 (T3) combined with depression, the risk of mortality was significantly elevated compared to those with CCI = 0 (T1) and non-depressed participants (HR = 2.01, 95% CI:1.60,2.52).The study findings demonstrate a positive correlation between CCI and the risk of depression, along with an association with increased all-cause mortality among depression patients. Hence, it is important to prioritize the clinical care of patients with a high CCI (≥2) and depression in order to lower the chances of mortality.

    Keywords: CCI, Depression, Mortality, chronic diseases, NHANES

    Received: 23 Mar 2024; Accepted: 18 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Lan, Sui, Liu, Ma and Qiu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Anbang Liu, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong Province, China
    Chao Ma, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.