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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Public Health
Sec. Health Economics
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1383668

Sustainability of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination in Ghana: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis in the Context of Donor Transition

Provisionally accepted
Abdul-Mumin Ibrahim Abdul-Mumin Ibrahim 1Richmond Owusu Richmond Owusu 1,2*Justice Nonvignon Justice Nonvignon 1
  • 1 Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra, Ghana
  • 2 University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Streptococcus pneumonia is responsible for 18% of infant deaths in Ghana. With co-financing from Gavi in 2012, Ghana introduced the PCV13 into the childhood immunisation programme to reduce the burden of Streptococcus pneumonia. However, Ghana will graduate to the Gavi fully self-financing phase in 2026, when the nation assumes full responsibility of paying for the PCV13. This research aims to evaluate the health impact and cost-effectiveness of PCV13 immunisation in Ghana since its implementation and after the cessation of support from Gavi.We used the UNIVAC tool to evaluate two main scenarios of cost-effectiveness, from vaccine introduction (2012 -2025) and after Gavi transition (2026 -2031) in comparison with no vaccination. The sources of data include national data, international estimates and expert opinion. Cost was considered from both the government and societal perspectives. We discounted health outcomes at 3%. Currency values were stated in US Dollars. We tested the robustness of the base case results by performing scenario and sensitivity analyses.will reduce the pneumococcal disease burden by 48% from 2012 to 2031. The vaccination programme costs are USD 130 million and USD 275 million in 2012 -2025 and 2026 -2031 respectively. It also has a budget impact of USD 280 million for the 2026 --2031 period from the perspective of government. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios are USD 89 and USD 73 respectively from the perspectives of government and society in 2012 -2025. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios are USD 530 and USD 510 respectively from the perspectives of government and society in 2026 -2031.The PCV13 vaccination programme in Ghana is cost-effective at 50% GDP per capita threshold even when Gavi withdraws co-financing support from 2026 onwards.

    Keywords: Cost-Effectiveness, Streptococcus pneumonia, Vaccination, Gavi transition, Ghana

    Received: 07 Feb 2024; Accepted: 16 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Ibrahim, Owusu and Nonvignon. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Richmond Owusu, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

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