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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Environmental Health and Exposome
Volume 12 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1369698
This article is part of the Research Topic Toxicity Mechanisms of Environmental Pollutants and Health Risk Assessment View all 8 articles
A case-crossover study Triggering of ST-elevation myocardial infarction by and organic carbon and source-specific PM2.5 concentrations in Monroe County, New York: A case-crossover study
Provisionally accepted- 1 School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
- 2 Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, United States
- 3 University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
- 4 School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York, United States
Background: Previous work reported increased rates of cardiovascular hospitalizations associated with increased source-specific PM2.5 concentrations in New York State, despite decreased PM2.5 concentrations. We also found increased rates of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) associated with short-term increases in concentrations of ultrafine particles and other traffic-related pollutants in the 2014-2016 period, but not during 2017-2019 in Rochester. Changes in PM2.5 composition and sources resulting from air quality policies (e.g., Tier 3 light-duty vehicles) may explain the differences. Thus, this study aimed to estimate whether rates of STEMI were associated with organic carbon and source-specific PM2.5 concentrations. Methods: Using STEMI patients treated at the University of Rochester Medical Center, compositional and source-apportioned PM2.5 concentrations measured in Rochester, a timestratified case-crossover design, and conditional logistic regression models, we estimated the rate of STEMI associated with increases in mean primary organic carbon (POC), secondary organic carbon (SOC), and source-specific PM2.5 concentrations on lag days 0, 0-3, and 0-6 during 2014-2019.The associations of an increased rate of STEMI with interquartile range (IQR) increases in spark-ignition emissions (GAS) and diesel (DIE) concentrations in the previous few days were not found from 2014 to 2019. However, IQR increases in GAS concentrations were associated with an increased rate of STEMI on the same day in the 2014-2016 period (Rate ratio [RR] = 1.69; 95% CI = 0.98, 2.94; 1.73 μg/m 3 ). In addition, each IQR increase in mean SOC concentration in the previous 6 days was associated with an increased rate of STEMI, despite imprecision (RR = 1.14; 95% CI = 0.89, 1.45; 0.42 μg/m 3 ). Conclusions: Increased SOC concentrations may be associated with increased rates of STEMI, while there seems to be a declining trend in adverse effects of GAS on triggering of STEMI. These changes could be attributed to changes in PM2.5 composition and sources following the Tier 3 vehicle introduction.
Keywords: Myocardial Infarction, Air Pollution, PM2.5, SOURCE APPORTIONMENT, organic carbon, Case-crossover
Received: 12 Jan 2024; Accepted: 18 Jul 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Zhao, Hopke, Utell, Croft, Thurston, Lin, Ling, Chen, Yount and Rich. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
David Rich, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, 14642, New York, United States
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