AUTHOR=Osiecki Kristin , Hussaini Syed , Sambanis Apostolis , Quinsey Logan , Liew Chloe 

TITLE=Validating self-reported Toxic Release Inventory data using Benford's Law: investigating toxic chemical release hazards in floodplains

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1342510

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2024.1342510

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Acute and long-term health impacts from flooding related toxic chemical releases are a significant local health concern and can disproportionately impact communities with vulnerable populations; reliable release data are needed to quantify this hazard.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>In this paper, we analyze US Federal Emergency Management Agency designated floodplain data and US Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data to determine if geographically manipulated databases adhere to Benford's Law.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>We investigated multiple variants and discovered pollution releases adhere to Benford's Law and tests which thereby validates the self-reported toxic release dataset.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>We find that Benford's Law applies to self-reported toxic chemical release and disposal data, indicating a lack of widespread data errors or manipulation.</p></sec>