AUTHOR=Wei Liangjia , Qin Jiao , Lin Zhifeng , Huang Xinju , He Jinfeng , Yu Dee , Zhang Fei , Li Sisi , Cen Ping , Li Mu , Luo Tong , Zhang Rongjing , Zhong Shanmei , Qin Cai , Li Zeyu , Yang Yuan , Pan Huiqi , Zhao Mengdi , Wu Xiaoqiong , Jiang Junjun , Liang Hao , Ye Li , Liang Bingyu TITLE=Prevalence of depressive symptoms and correlates among individuals who self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection after optimizing the COVID-19 response in China JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health VOLUME=11 YEAR=2024 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1268799 DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2023.1268799 ISSN=2296-2565 ABSTRACT=Background

The burden of depression symptoms has increased among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during COVID-19 pandemic. However, the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain uncertain after optimizing the COVID-19 response in China.

Methods

An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among the public from January 6 to 30, 2023, using a convenience sampling method. Sociodemographic and COVID-19 pandemic-related factors were collected. The depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the associated factors with depressive symptoms.

Results

A total of 2,726 participants completed the survey. The prevalence of depression symptoms was 35.3%. About 58% of the participants reported experiencing insufficient drug supply. More than 40% of participants reported that they had missed healthcare appointments or delayed treatment. One-third of participants responded experiencing a shortage of healthcare staff and a long waiting time during medical treatment. Logistic regression analysis revealed several factors that were associated with depression symptoms, including sleep difficulties (OR, 2.84; 95% CI, 2.34–3.44), chronic diseases (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.64–2.82), inpatient treatment for COVID-19 (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 2.19–4.77), with COVID-19 symptoms more than 13 days (OR, 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.63), re-infection with SARS-CoV-2 (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.07–2.15), and the increased in demand for healthcare services (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.08–1.61).

Conclusion

This study reveals a moderate prevalence of depression symptoms among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. The findings underscore the importance of continued focus on depressive symptoms among vulnerable individuals, including those with sleeping difficulties, chronic diseases, and inpatient treatment for COVID-19. It is necessary to provide mental health services and psychological interventions for these vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 epidemic.