AUTHOR=Lu Jiachen , Wang Bin , Dou Xiaofeng , Yu Yingying , Zhang Yanni , Ji Haoqiang , Chen Xu , Sun Meng , Duan Yuxin , Pan Yuanping , Chen Yunting , Yi Yaohui , Zhou Ling 

TITLE=Moderating effects of perceived social support on self-efficacy and psychological well-being of Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1207723

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2023.1207723

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Nurses experience significant physical and psychological stress that negatively influences their psychological well-being. The objective of this study was to explore the association between self-efficacy and psychological well-being among Chinese nurses and to assess the moderating effects of perceived social support (PSS).</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>In 2020, a hospital-based cross-sectional study using a multistage random sampling approach was performed in five regions of Liaoning, China. Of the 1,200 surveyed nurses, 1,010 completed questionnaires that evaluated the demographic information, 14-item Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. To examine the factors associated with mental health parameters, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed. The interactions were visualized using a simple slope analysis.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>The mean depression and anxiety scores for Chinese nurses were 8.74 ± 3.50 and 6.18 ± 3.26, respectively. The association between self-efficacy and depression differed between the low perceived social support (PSS) group (1 SD below the mean, <italic>β =</italic> −0.169, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01) and high PSS group (1 SD above the mean, <italic>β =</italic> −0.077, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01). Similarly, the association between self-efficacy and anxiety differed between the low PSS group (1 SD below the mean, <italic>β</italic> = −0.155, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01) and high PSS group (1 SD above the mean, <italic>β</italic> = −0.044, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01).</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>We found that Chinese nurses experienced high levels of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, PSS moderates the relationship between self-efficacy and psychological well-being. Therefore, interventions targeting self-efficacy and PSS should be implemented to improve the psychological well-being of nurses.</p></sec>