AUTHOR=Kuhlmann Ellen , Ungureanu Marius-Ionut , Behrens Georg M. N. , Cossmann Anne , Fehr Leonie Mac , Klawitter Sandra , Mikuteit Marie , Müller Frank , Thilo Nancy , Brînzac Monica Georgina , Dopfer-Jablonka Alexandra TITLE=Migrant healthcare workers during COVID-19: bringing an intersectional health system-related approach into pandemic protection. A German case study JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health VOLUME=11 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1152862 DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2023.1152862 ISSN=2296-2565 ABSTRACT=Introduction

Migrant healthcare workers played an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic, but data are lacking especially for high-resourced European healthcare systems. This study aims to research migrant healthcare workers through an intersectional health system-related approach, using Germany as a case study.

Methods

An intersectional research framework was created and a rapid scoping study performed. Secondary analysis of selected items taken from two COVID-19 surveys was undertaken to compare perceptions of national and foreign-born healthcare workers, using descriptive statistics.

Results

Available research is focused on worst-case pandemic scenarios of Brazil and the United Kingdom, highlighting racialised discrimination and higher risks of migrant healthcare workers. The German data did not reveal significant differences between national-born and foreign-born healthcare workers for items related to health status including SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, and perception of infection risk, protective workplace measures, and government measures, but items related to social participation and work conditions with higher infection risk indicate a higher burden of migrant healthcare workers.

Conclusions

COVID-19 pandemic policy must include migrant healthcare workers, but simply adding the migration status is not enough. We introduce an intersectional health systems-related approach to understand how pandemic policies create social inequalities and how the protection of migrant healthcare workers may be improved.