AUTHOR=Husni Rola , Bou Zerdan Maroun , Samaha Nadia , Helou Mariana , Mahfouz Youssef , Saniour Rim , Hourani Sawsan , Kolanjian Harout , Afif Claude , Azar Eid , El Jisr Tamima , Mokhbat Jacques , Abboud Emma , Feghali Rita , Abboud Edmond , Matta Hiam , Karayakouboglo Gilbert , Matar Madonna , Moghnieh Rima , Daoud Ziad TITLE=Characterization and susceptibility of non-albicans Candida isolated from various clinical specimens in Lebanese hospitals JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health VOLUME=11 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1115055 DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2023.1115055 ISSN=2296-2565 ABSTRACT=Background

Invasive fungal infections have presented a challenge in treatment. In the past, it was known that the frontrunner in such infections is Candida albicans with little emphasis placed on non-albicans Candida species (NAC). Studies worldwide have shown a rise in fungal infections attributed to non-albicans Candida species. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of NAC infections along with an overview of resistance in Lebanese hospitals.

Methods

This is a two-year observational multi-central descriptive study. Between September 2016 and May of 2018, a total of 1000 isolates were collected from 10 different hospitals distributed all over the country. For the culture, Sabouraud Dextrose Agar was used. Antifungal Susceptibility was evaluated by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) in broth (microdilution) of the different antifungal treatments.

Results

Out of the 1000 collected isolates, Candida glabrata, being the most isolated species (40.8%), followed by Candida tropicalis: 231(23.1%), Candida parapsilosis: 103(10.3%), and other NAC species at lower percentage. Most of these isolates (88.67%) were susceptible to posaconazole, 98.22% were susceptible to micafungin, and 10% were susceptible to caspofungin.

Conclusion

The change of etiology of fungal infections involving a significant increase in NAC cases is alarming due to the different antifungal susceptibility patterns and the lack of local guidelines to guide the treatment. In this context, proper identification of such organisms is of utmost importance. The data presented here can help in establishing guidelines for the treatment of candida infections to decrease morbidity and mortality. Future surveillance data are needed.