Health information exchange (HIE) exhibits tremendous benefits in improving the quality of healthcare and reducing healthcare costs. However, it also poses challenges related to data security, data privacy, patient engagement, etc.
This study aimed to explore the factors affecting patients' opt-in intention to HIE by using an empirical study based on the theory of planned behavior.
A Web-based survey was conducted involving 501 valid participants in China (69% validity rate).
Information sensitivity and perceived HIE transparency affected the patients' opt-in intention to HIE through the mediation of perceived behavior control and trust in HIE. Information sensitivity negatively influenced perceived behavior control (−0.551,
This study contributes to the theory of planned behavior and enriches the literature on HIE efforts. HIE administrators should design personalized health services on the basis of these different health statuses to successfully achieve patients' opt-in intention to HIE.